According to Will Roscoe, male and female two-spirits have been 'documented in over 130 North America tribes, in every region of the continent'.
The presence of male two-spirits existed before European contact, and 'was a fundamental institution among most tribal peoples'. Two-spirit is a modern umbrella term used by some indigenous North Americans for Gender variant individuals in their communities. 5.1 Same-sex marriage and other legal challenges.4.17 1990s: Victories and political power.
